en:monitoring_and_warning:sprobes
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en:monitoring_and_warning:sprobes [2023/01/17 16:44] – m-gamperl | en:monitoring_and_warning:sprobes [2023/06/05 07:47] (current) – m-gamperl | ||
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==== Overview ==== | ==== Overview ==== | ||
- | In this document, the necessary materials, construction (preparation) and installation in the field for the Inform@Risk Subsurface Measurement Probes (SMP) are explained in detail. The SMP is part of the Inform@Risk measurement concept, which also consists of individual measurement nodes (LoRa Measurement Node) and deeper subsurface nodes (Low-Cost Inclinometer, | + | In this document, the necessary materials, construction (preparation) and installation in the field for the Inform@Risk Subsurface Measurement Probes (SMP) are explained in detail. The SMP is part of the Inform@Risk measurement concept, which also consists of individual measurement nodes (LoRa Measurement Node) and deeper subsurface nodes (Low-Cost Inclinometer, |
+ | |||
+ | The general measurement concept, with the use cases and measurement principles of these three sensors, has been described in the [[overview|overview section]]. For reference, the measurement concept figure is shown again below. | ||
- | The general measurement concept, with the use cases and measurement principles of these three sensors, has been described in the overview document \todo{add link}. For reference, the measurement concept figure is shown here again (figure \ref{fig: | ||
==== Concept ==== | ==== Concept ==== | ||
- | The use case of the SMP are shallow rotational landslides. In those, the rotational movement inside the landslide body is measured by the inclination sensor in the subsurface and the SMP acts as a stiff rod which tilts as a whole (orange in figure | + | The use case of the SMP are shallow rotational landslides. In those, the rotational movement inside the landslide body is measured by the inclination sensor in the subsurface and the SMP acts as a stiff rod which tilts as a whole (orange in previous |
- | {{..: | + | {{.measurement-concept.png|General measurement concept for Inform@Risk Measurement Nodes. This document deals with the Subsurface Node (left).}} |
- | The SMN consists of a water level sensor at the bottom of the borehole, above which a filter part is attached which corresponds to holes that are drilled in the borehole casing. Above the water sensor part, a 3D-printed joint connects it to the inclination sensor above (figure | + | The SMN consists of a water level sensor at the bottom of the borehole, above which a filter part is attached which corresponds to holes that are drilled in the borehole casing. Above the water sensor part, a 3D-printed joint connects it to the inclination sensor above (see figure |
{{en: | {{en: | ||
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===== Materials ===== | ===== Materials ===== | ||
- | The Materials needed for the construction and installation of the SMN are displayed | + | The Materials needed for the construction and installation of the SMN are displayed |
Basic tools such as pliars, cutters, screwdrivers, | Basic tools such as pliars, cutters, screwdrivers, | ||
- | {{technical_part: | + | {{materials1.jpg|Materials needed for the sensor installation of the SMN.}} |
- | {{..: | + | {{head_cap_description.jpg|Additional 3D Prints: Head Cap which goes on top of drilling casing and holds the Measurement Node (18), and Joint (20).}} |
Table 1: Material list for the inclination sensor. | Table 1: Material list for the inclination sensor. | ||
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| 13 | 3 | M8 Nut | | | 13 | 3 | M8 Nut | | ||
| 14 | 1 | G1/4 Pressure Transducer Sensor 10 PSI | | | 14 | 1 | G1/4 Pressure Transducer Sensor 10 PSI | | ||
- | | 15 | 20*40 cm | Filter fleece | + | | 15 | 20*40 cm | Filter fleece |
| 16 | 1 | M8 Threaded connector 40mm | | | 16 | 1 | M8 Threaded connector 40mm | | ||
| 17 | 1 | Cable tie | | | 17 | 1 | Cable tie | | ||
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=== Water Sensor === | === Water Sensor === | ||
- | {{..: | + | {{watersensor.jpg|Assembly of water sensor. The steps are explained in the text.}} |
- | The assembly/ | + | The assembly/ |
- | - Take the water pressure sensor and cut the cable at about 8 cm (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Take the water pressure sensor and cut the cable at about 8 cm (a in figure above) |
- | - Remove the black isolation in a way so that about 2.5 cm of the wires are exposed, then remove the isolation of the individual wires for about 0.5 cm (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Remove the black isolation in a way so that about 2.5 cm of the wires are exposed, then remove the isolation of the individual wires for about 0.5 cm (b, c in figure above) |
- | - Perform the same steps for a 1~m piece of wire, removing the insulation of the \textbf{red}, \textbf{black} and \textbf{orange} wires | + | - Perform the same steps for a 1~m piece of wire, removing the insulation of the **red**, **black** and **orange** wires |
- | - Put the sensor in a vice wrench and connect the sensor to the cable using solder connectors (black to black, red to red, green to orange) as in figure \ref{fig: | + | - Put the sensor in a vice wrench and connect the sensor to the cable using solder connectors (black to black, red to red, green to orange) as in d in figure above |
- | - Install nut and threaded rod in insert for the pressure sensor, next put nut on the threaded rod which is installed to pressure sensor and tighten it using a wrench, additionally put a connector on the threaded rod (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Install nut and threaded rod in insert for the pressure sensor, next put nut on the threaded rod which is installed to pressure sensor and tighten it using a wrench, additionally put a connector on the threaded rod (e, f in figure above) |
- | - Route cable through insert for pressure sensor befor putting the sensor in, otherwise the cable won't fit (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Route cable through insert for pressure sensor befor putting the sensor in, otherwise the cable won't fit (f in figure above) |
- | - Install cup for pressure sensor (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Install cup for pressure sensor (g in figure above) |
- | - Put nut on the threaded rod which is installed to pressure sensor and tighten it, additionally put a threaded rod connector on the threaded rod (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Put nut on the threaded rod which is installed to pressure sensor and tighten it, additionally put a threaded rod connector on the threaded rod (k in figure above) |
- | - Assemble the joint and filtercap for fleece by putting the connectors in the joint and screwing in the threaded rods (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Assemble the joint and filtercap for fleece by putting the connectors in the joint and screwing in the threaded rods (h in figure above) |
- | - Connect filtercap and joint to the water sensor with a threaded rod (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Connect filtercap and joint to the water sensor with a threaded rod (i in figure above) |
- | - Add the fleece in a roll around the threaded rod between water sensor and filter cap, then route the cable through filtercap and joint (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Add the fleece in a roll around the threaded rod between water sensor and filter cap, then route the cable through filtercap and joint (l in figure above) |
- Optional: install zip tie to ensure that the fleece is held in its place | - Optional: install zip tie to ensure that the fleece is held in its place | ||
- Prepare 45 ml Epoxy-mixture (2 parts epoxy, 1 part hardener), and add into the water sensor | - Prepare 45 ml Epoxy-mixture (2 parts epoxy, 1 part hardener), and add into the water sensor | ||
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=== Inclination Sensor === | === Inclination Sensor === | ||
- | {{technical_part: | + | {{sensor_assembly.png|Assembly of inclination sensor.}} |
- | The assembly/ | + | The assembly/ |
- | - Put the Step Counter sensor (5) in the proper slot of the 3D print (22) as shown in figure \ref{fig: | + | - Put the Step Counter sensor (5) in the proper slot of the 3D print (22) as shown in a in figure above; Optionally, the Step Counter can be glued onto the 3D print for better fixation |
- Glue the cable holder, which belongs to the primary 3D printed part, onto it with instant glue | - Glue the cable holder, which belongs to the primary 3D printed part, onto it with instant glue | ||
- | - Install the cable for the Step Counter and cut it to a length of 5.5 cm, removing about 1 cm of isolation of the wires (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Install the cable for the Step Counter and cut it to a length of 5.5 cm, removing about 1 cm of isolation of the wires (b) |
- Put short cable into WLS 24 (22.2) and remove approximately 5 cm of outer isolation and 1 cm of inner isolation. | - Put short cable into WLS 24 (22.2) and remove approximately 5 cm of outer isolation and 1 cm of inner isolation. | ||
=== Connecting the Parts === | === Connecting the Parts === | ||
- | {{..: | + | {{prepared_sensors.jpg|Finished prepared inclination and water sensors.}} |
==== Installation in the field ==== | ==== Installation in the field ==== | ||
- | With the prepared sensors, installation in the field should be relatively easy for the short SMN, if a drilling has been prepared. Depending on whether a steel casing is inserted directly or a PVC casing is pre-drilled, | + | With the prepared sensors, installation in the field should be relatively easy for the short SMN, if a drilling has been prepared. Depending on whether a steel casing is inserted directly or a PVC casing is pre-drilled, |
- | {{..: | + | {{installation.png|Installation in the field, including drilling and installing the sensor for both PVC and Steel casing.}} |
=== Drilling === | === Drilling === | ||
- | This process has been tested with various methods. We found the easiest method for shallow depths to be to directly hammer in a steel pipe with a jackhammer or a small ram core drill (figure | + | This process has been tested with various methods. We found the easiest method for shallow depths to be to directly hammer in a steel pipe with a jackhammer or a small ram core drill (see figure |
- | {{..: | + | {{insertion.jpg|Hand-drilling of steel pipe using a jackhammer and a 1.5~m, 1 inch steel pipe.}} |
=== Installation of Sensors === | === Installation of Sensors === | ||
- | This section deals with stage 2 in figure | + | This section deals with stage 2 in the figure |
- Measure the depth of the borehole | - Measure the depth of the borehole | ||
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- If you need to increase the length of the cable, you can do so as follows: | - If you need to increase the length of the cable, you can do so as follows: | ||
- Add a 15~cm piece of heat shrink tubing over one side of the cable and slide it down or up at least 30~cm | - Add a 15~cm piece of heat shrink tubing over one side of the cable and slide it down or up at least 30~cm | ||
- | - Remove about 3~cm of the outer shielding and about 1~cm of shielding from each wire from both sides of the cable (see figure \ref{fig: | + | - Remove about 3~cm of the outer shielding and about 1~cm of shielding from each wire from both sides of the cable (see e in figure below) |
- | - Add solder connectors (nr. 6 in table \ref{tab: | + | - Add solder connectors (nr. 6 in table 1} and materials |
- | - Use a gas burner to connect the wires by liquifying the solder and shrinking the heat tubing of the solder connectors (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Use a gas burner to connect the wires by liquifying the solder and shrinking the heat tubing of the solder connectors (d in figure below) |
- Once all wires are connected, move the 15 cm piece of heat shrink over the top and shrink it over both sides of the wire | - Once all wires are connected, move the 15 cm piece of heat shrink over the top and shrink it over both sides of the wire | ||
- | - Fix the wire with cable ties to the threaded rods (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Fix the wire with cable ties to the threaded rods (b in figure below) |
- At the top of the casing, once the rod with the sensors and joints is installed fully, you should have about 50~cm of wire left. To connect the cable, follow the following steps: | - At the top of the casing, once the rod with the sensors and joints is installed fully, you should have about 50~cm of wire left. To connect the cable, follow the following steps: | ||
- First, move the cable through the Head Cap (nr. 18). | - First, move the cable through the Head Cap (nr. 18). | ||
- Then get your Measurement Node with the prepared cable gland and move the cable through the latter. Pull the cable into it about 10-20~cm. | - Then get your Measurement Node with the prepared cable gland and move the cable through the latter. Pull the cable into it about 10-20~cm. | ||
- | - Remove about 15~cm of insulation from the cable and some milimeters from the individual wires (figure \ref{fig: | + | - Remove about 15~cm of insulation from the cable and some milimeters from the individual wires (c in figure below) |
- | We recommend to assemble as much as possible in the workshop/ | + | We recommend to assemble as much as possible in the workshop/ |
- | {{technical_part: | + | {{en:technical_part: |
=== Installation of Sensor Protection === | === Installation of Sensor Protection === | ||
- | For the sensor protection (step 3 in figure | + | For the sensor protection (step 3 in figure |
== PVC Pipe and Foundation == | == PVC Pipe and Foundation == | ||
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The more technical and very simple solution with pvc pipe and foundation only needs a limited amount of parts. The tools needed are a drilling machine, a saw, a file and some keys. | The more technical and very simple solution with pvc pipe and foundation only needs a limited amount of parts. The tools needed are a drilling machine, a saw, a file and some keys. | ||
- | {{..: | + | {{pvcpipe.jpg|PVC pipe and foundation version of the sensor protection.}} |
The necessary materials are listed below: | The necessary materials are listed below: | ||
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- Various 3D printed parts: Enclosure for solar panel on side or on top, spacers for pvc pipe | - Various 3D printed parts: Enclosure for solar panel on side or on top, spacers for pvc pipe | ||
- | The pipe is fixated with a small, 20x20~cm concrete foundation, which holds three threaded rods of approximately M8 size (about 8~mm diameter). Then, the lid of the PVC pipe si put on backwards (figure | + | The pipe is fixated with a small, 20x20~cm concrete foundation, which holds three threaded rods of approximately M8 size (about 8~mm diameter). Then, the lid of the PVC pipe si put on backwards (a in previous |
The lid of the PVC pipe can be attached to the pipe itself using special screws, so it can stille be removed for maintenance works, but not easily be tampered with by third parties. | The lid of the PVC pipe can be attached to the pipe itself using special screws, so it can stille be removed for maintenance works, but not easily be tampered with by third parties. | ||
== Totem == | == Totem == | ||
- | The Totem provides a visually more appealing solution to the sensor protection and a better integration into public space. Details for the design can be accessed from LUH here \todo{add LUH links}. As visible in figure | + | The Totem provides a visually more appealing solution to the sensor protection and a better integration into public space. Details for the design can be accessed from LUH here \todo{add LUH links}. As visible in the next figure, the construction that was used in the Inform@Risk project consists of a simple brick design and lids made of plastic wood. |
- | {{..: | + | {{totemass.jpg|Totem (a, b, c, f) and bench (d, e) versions of the sensor protection.}} |
== Bench == | == Bench == |
en/monitoring_and_warning/sprobes.1673973897.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/01/17 16:44 by m-gamperl